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- BUSINESS, Page 90Sailing on Warm Trade Winds
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- In a turnabout, the U.S. takes Japan off the hit list
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- To the Japanese, Carla Hills had been a steely antagonist
- making a flurry of merciless demands. But last week their image
- of the U.S. Trade Representative took an abrupt turn. She became
- an unexpected defender, thanks to her sudden determination to
- bring a more conciliatory tone to U.S.-Japan relations. At
- Hills' urging, President Bush decided last week to remove Japan
- from a U.S. hit list of countries cited for unfair trade
- practices. Said Hills, whose new attitude inflamed many hawks
- in Congress: "Perhaps Japan had the farthest to go, but it moved
- farther and faster than any of our other trading partners."
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- The Administration's warm words came with a last-minute
- accord in which Tokyo pledged to open the Japanese market to
- increased imports of U.S. wood products. That issue was the last
- of three conflicts that forced the Administration last year to
- cite Japan under the so-called Super 301 provision of the 1988
- trade law. In the other two categories, Tokyo agreed to buy more
- U.S. supercomputers and satellites. The Administration has won
- similar concessions from Brazil, another of the three countries
- named on last year's hit list; only India will be named again.
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- Some legislators accused Bush of going soft on Japan. Senate
- Democrat Lloyd Bentsen called the decision a "serious mistake"
- that could "poison the well," meaning Congress might be less
- likely to approve the Administration's future trade agreements
- with Eastern Europe and new rules being negotiated in the
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. House majority leader
- Richard Gephardt was just as opposed: "At the very moment when
- we're beginning to see signs of tangible progress, the
- Administration seems to be saying it's time to back up and back
- off."
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- Bush has been torn between appeasing Congress and rewarding
- Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu for Japan's newfound flexibility.
- Just two months ago, U.S. negotiators came out of trade talks
- in Tokyo angry and frustrated. But seven hours of meetings
- between Bush and Kaifu last March in California, more talking
- time than any previous U.S.-Japan summit, were a watershed.
- Shortly afterward came a flurry of agreements, including a pact
- on far-reaching structural reforms. Among other changes, Tokyo
- promised to ease restrictions on opening large department stores
- and to impose tougher penalties for protectionist bid-rigging
- schemes.
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- In Tokyo the warm trade winds have brought on a mood of
- relief. The two countries still have many points of friction
- over a range of products, from auto parts to semiconductors, and
- the U.S. trade deficit with Japan remains stuck at a hefty $50
- billion. But the ominous phrase trade war, so ubiquitous only
- two months ago, no longer seems appropriate at a time when Carla
- Hills suddenly has so many admirers in Tokyo.
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- By Seiichi Kanise. Reported by Gisela Bolte/Washington and
- Barry Hillenbrand/Tokyo.
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